Warning

Warning: This site contains images and graphic descriptions of extreme violence and/or its effects. It's not as bad as it could be, but is meant to be shocking. Readers should be 18+ or a mature 17 or so. There is also some foul language occasionally, and potential for general upsetting of comforting conventional wisdom. Please view with discretion.

Thursday, May 10, 2012

Khamis Brigade Shed Massacre: Several Days' Worth

May 10, 2012
last edits May 12

<< The Khamis Brigade Shed Massacre

Okay, I'm starting this post in haste to go work on other things. I've had about five people now alert me (and thanks to all) to this massive new article in the New York Times Magazine.
In Libya, the Captors Have Become the Captive
By Robert F. Worth, May 9
It deals heavily with the so-called Khamis Brigade shed massacre and a bit on the Qasr Ben Ghashir weirdness, through the lens of many men who've been captured, abused, mentally broken, saddled with these crimes, and confessed to them slavishly.

It's sick going, but full of gems of incongruity and transparent rebel deception. I've spotted like seven noteworthy timeline clues (photos of the dead, still-acknowledged by name as part of THIS massacre, on rebel phones on the 24th? WTF? Compare with the timeline clues already compiled in a rare "finished" report section here) besides several supposed executioners, allegations, inconsistencies in sequence of attack, Abdul Razak the hero guard of yore shot in the foot ... and that was by page four of nine.

So I won't be absorbing it right away. It's worth careful mining and a little time, but even that ... (groan) ... I see some comments already going into details, but those might help ME get this REPORT done the most if they can be copied here while the thoughts are still fresh, and new ones can maybe gather here too. I intend toinclude as little as possible after careful review for the strongest clues. One passage to start with, a snippet of the truth allowed through but laughed away in this upside-down wonderland:
The militia’s deputy commander strolled into the room and gave [captive and mentally broken soldier-clown-whipping boy] Najjar’s palm a friendly slap. “Hey, Sheik Naji,” he said. “You got a letter.” The commander opened it and began to read. “It’s from your brother,” he said, and his face lit up with a derisive smile. “It says: ‘Naji is being held by an illegal entity, being tortured on a daily basis, starved and forced to sign false statements.’ Oh, and look at this — the letter is copied to the army and the Higher Security Committee!” This last detail elicited a burst of laughter from the men in the room. Even Naji seemed to find it funny. “We always tell the relatives the same thing,” one man added, for my benefit: “There is no legal entity for us to hand the prisoners over to.”
They probably also countered the claims of torture, false statements, and starvation by showing the guy was reasonably well-fed and was laughing along with them at his brother's stupid concerns and agreeing with everything they say and begging for his daily beatings.

I'm starting to digest this myself and may I say, no shortage of insane incongruities and red flags and "He said what?" moments. I'll sort things into the following categories as I do:

Captive loyalists relevant to the shed massacre
Abdel Razaq al-Barouni
One of the Yarmouk guards they captured, a man named Abdel Razaq al-Barouni, was actually viewed as a hero by some of the former prisoners, who told me Barouni unlocked the door of the hangar and urged them to escape just before the Yarmouk massacre began. After Jalal watched one of the Misuratans shoot Barouni in the foot during an interrogation, he decided to take his own fighters and leave, reluctantly allowing the Misuratans to cart off some of his prisoners to their city.
Previously known hero guard - before means this is the Mustafa El-Hitri version, not the Taher El-Bahbah version (see here or here).

Marwan Gdoura, 28
"It was Marwan who shot Omar and the other five victims first..." He "killed six very qualified people whom Libya will need, two doctors and four officers. One of them was my brother," said Nasser Salhoba. Are the Qasr Ben Ghashir victims now squished into Yarmouk, as the first six killed? Did it still happen where the dead Serbians were found, on Aug. 21, 22, and/or 24? (an idea of shocking significance I'll explore in more detail here)

Hamza Haziri!
Previously known as the second in command of the prison there, two steps down from Khamis himself, the rebels say. His superior: Lt. Col. Mohammed Mansour.

Ibrahim Lousha
Some similarities with Ibrahim Tajouri, aside from locale, and with Ibrahim Sadeq Khalifa. Lot of Ibrahims here...

Still missing (or missing again?): Lt. Col. Mohammed Mansour, only mentioned here once by Lousha. Haziri has taken on more prominence, and his commander who took the kill order from Khamis Gaddafi is sidelined now. Is he dead? Was he brigadier [028] the UNHRC spoke with, who denied taking orders like that, or at all, from Khamis?

Other captured loyalists
Jumaa 
Naji Najjar 


Victims/survivors/family
Omar Salhoba 
A doctor, aged 42, treating a child when arrested June 7 in Tripoli, imprisoned at Yarmouk, killed the 24th, pictured twice at Ragai’s HQ museum of the Yarmouk dead, "with a youthful, sensitive face, framed by rimless glasses and pale gray hair." Omar was "revered at Yarmouk for his insistence on treating injured fellow prisoners and for his brave, failed efforts to break the men free." He was there ‘til the end, trying to break out (perhaps missing the exit soldier Barouni gave them?), but for four days failed to treat Aamir Benowen of Tripoli - who had been beaten and tortured so badly on the 19th (in the Yarmouk prison) that he was believed dead, though no other witnesses recall seeing him laying for four days in his own blood unassisted, as Benowen later recalled. But he was alive, no thanks to this hero doctor, and somehow both witnessed and escaped the massacre to speak briefly from his hospital bed to Tracy Shelton of Global Post. He's probably dead now, one way or another.


Rebels of interest
Eissa Gliza
Heads “a large brigade of men from the Nafusah Mountains,” 1,100 men strong, that holds commander Haziri. Quote: “It’s a shame they’re still alive, after what they did,”

Jalal Ragai
Formerly known as Jamal Al-Ragai (per Mr. Worth's last article), and presumably Lt. Col. Jamal Rabbani (who spoke to Alex Loyd), both onetime shed massacre prisoners, with Ragai at least  transferred to and escaped from the nearby Qasr Ben Ghashir prison.


Nasser Salhoba
Omar’s brother, now chief interrogator (torturer) in Ragai’s brigade. A level-headed assessment of prisoner mentality:
Later, after Marwan was taken back downstairs, Nasser said he still wanted to kill him. [...] I asked Nasser if he believed that Marwan felt remorse, as he says he does. Nasser shook his head slowly and grimaced. Not long ago, he said, Marwan went out of his way to avoid stepping on a Qaddafi-era flag that had been placed in a doorway (the rebels all relish stomping on it). He apparently thought no one was watching. “I was furious,” Nasser said. “I beat him with the falga. It was the only time I’ve ever done that. To think that he still feels that way after all this time, that he would kill all of us here if he could.
Because he reflexively didn't step on the green flag, he wants to kill everyone at the prison for torture and mental manipulation? I would at the very least bitch-slap them all with a shovel, and they haven't even tortured me a lick. Any murder fantasies this prisoner might entertain have an origin outside of, and more recent than, his old indoctrination.

New Shed Massacre Timeline Clues
The Omar death Picture
Omar Salhoba was verified as dead on the 24th, Worth says killed on the 24th, a day after the massacre and two days before rebels now acknowledge being anywhere near the bodies. Yet hours after they were killed, his picture was on a rebel phone by the 25th, and this was shown to his brother Nasser by the rebels who probably killed him. An enraged Nasser is now Ragai's chief torturer ("interrogator" here) 
on Aug. 24, Nasser got a call telling him Omar had been shot in the Yarmouk prison. Gunbattles were still raging in the streets, and Nasser searched for more than a day before a rebel showed him a picture of his brother’s bloodied body. Muslim ritual requires bodies to be buried quickly, and Nasser drove to a military hospital and frantically held up the picture to anyone who might help, until a doctor told him that Omar’s body had been sent to the local mosque to be buried. Nasser found the mosque and reached the graveyard just minutes after the body was sealed into a cement tomb. He reached out and touched the tomb: the mortar was still wet.
The August 24 Escape of Khamis Gaddafi
Marwan reports to Worth that "Hours after the execution, Marwan said, he fled with about 200 soldiers under the leadership of Khamis el-Qaddafi, another of the dictator’s sons. The convoy ran into rebels, and Khamis was killed in a gunbattle. The loyalists then fled to Bani Walid," where he was able to kiss Seif Al-Islam. Then they drove to Sirte, then Sabha, then were attacked, then he fled into the desert, to a town, onto a bus, and back home to Surman. “I wanted to go home all along,” he said, “but I had no car.” The previous accepted survivor of the Khamis convoy, seventeen-year-old Abdul Salam Taher al-Fargi, was there when they left about 4pm on the 26th, after burning all the bodies, and before rebels took over (by 8 pm at the very latest). His truck was blown up, but he fell off first, going on the record only to be contradicted now by this older kid. Al-Rai TV, pro-reime, Syria, and Wikipedia say Khamis was killed only on the 29th.

Other
The Videos
"He [Jalal] had evidence that no one had seen, he said: torture tapes made by Qaddafi’s jailers. He had taken them from the ransacked offices of Hamza Hirazi, the commander at Yarmouk." ...

The Yarmouk victims museum

The Yarmouk victims/escapees/rebel fighter link

31 comments:

  1. "and a bit on the Qasr Ben Ghashir weirdness"
    May I place a vid again, doubting the MSM timeline ?

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KzrKydLyZFE&feature=related
    23 aug : airport area?
    the yellow building @ 0.03 is neighbourhood yarmouk or the qasar at bin ghasir


    just some view on area :
    http://img43.imageshack.us/img43/7374/800xs.jpg
    A woman walks past a parked convoy of 18 trucks loaded with humanitarian aid bound for Benghazi, in the Tripoli suburb of Gaser Ben Ghisher March 1, 2011.

    http://img600.imageshack.us/img600/3773/800xtr.jpg

    http://img28.imageshack.us/img28/7374/800xs.jpg

    A Libyan army truck is parked on the side of the road next to an aid convoy carrying food and medicine and allegedly heading to the eastern opposition stronghold of Benghazi from the town of Qasr bin Ghashir, 30 kms south of Tripoli, on March 1, 2011

    @ 20 qasar
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mluoidSpOso&feature=related

    rebels @ qasar bin ghasir
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=1GU2qhoP-cM

    ReplyDelete
  2. The whereabouts of Mohammad Mansour are not currently known. Is he dead?

    neutralizing a senior intelligence officer of the NTC,
    “Mohamed Mansour Bridene”.

    He was even a dissident officer who betrayed the Libyan and Libyan leader. 22/23 February 2012
    http://libyanfreepress.wordpress.com/2012/02/23/libyan-resistance-war-news-2223-february-2012-text-eng-ita-3-video/


    btw : Salah al Hassi the antiquities man looks a lot like :
    http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-15582483

    Salem al-Hassi, who was involved in a bid to assassinate Qaddafi in 1984, was appointed as the intelligence chief at a meeting of the council, NTC member Mukhtar al-Jaddal said.

    http://main.omanobserver.om/node/82492

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Interesting story, that, but presumably not related. Mohammed and Mansour are both quite common names.

      Just what's up with the Lt. Colonel is a great question, thought, isn't it? I'd half like to see a picture of him to see if he wasn't hauled out of that police truck for Seamus Murphy's camera, and this epic hunt is a charade...

      Delete
    2. @ caustic : y , yr right , Mansour is a common name :

      December 16, 2010
      An emissary of Gaddafi, Abdallah Mansour head of state media,
      is arrested at the Hotel Concorde Lafayette trying to contact Mesrami.

      Delete
  3. Still missing (or missing again?): Lt. Col. Mohammed Mansour


    Ibrahim Sadeq Khalifa ,Mansour [mohamed] Daw

    The prison where Khalifa is being held was an administrative building under the Kadhafi regime.

    The prison also has a few “high-profile” inmates, like Mansour Daw, Kadhafi’s internal security chief.


    [5) Hamza Abmana – "حمزة الصرماني" – follower of Mohamed Mansour Dou ]

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Something puzzles me : why 3 killed & just 1 survivor? :

      “We found a sand wall along the roadside and we took cover walking beside it,” Daw recalled in a private room adjacent to his shared cell. His speech was calm and composed and he appeared to be in good health.

      “Muttassim and his voluteers took the lead while Muammar, myself and Abu Bakr Younis followed behind.”

      http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/africa/120304/libya-un-report-investigates-war-crimes-gaddafi-death

      As they fled the city in a convoy of around 40 vehicles, Daw was seated next to Gaddafi when NATO airstrikes hit the car in front, shattering the windows of their own vehicle. As they fled on foot, Daw recalled Muammar Gaddafi had a scratch on the left side of his forehead, while Muttassim had a bad injury to his shoulder.

      Delete
    2. @LibyanReality But what I still don't get - wasn't Daw reported to be in Niger before? Was that another person?


      @papiliono24 ... now Daw says that Gaddafi left Tripoli on 19 Aug. I guess the kid wasn't telling the truth.

      Delete
    3. Details of Gaddafi's weeks in Sirte came from Mansour Daou,
      one of his top aides, who was caught with him on Thursday,
      but survived thanks to the intervention of
      Taieb Mohammed Imbais, a rebel brigade leader.
      http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/details-of-gaddafis-ignominious-end-shrouded-in-confusion-and-shame/story-e6frg6so-1226174479193

      Delete
    4. Taieb Mohammed Imbais quickly understand that the atmosphere is spinning. "I quickly left because I did not want Daou was killed by fighters.

      Delete
    5. @Hurriya - I don't know why حمزة الصرماني auto translates as it does. The name is Al-Surmani or Al-Sormani (from the town of Sorman - صرمان‎
      For instance, the Guardian reported a murder in May 2011 of a former member of Libya's internal security agency, Ibrahim Khalifa al-Surmani, (tenuous connection with Mansour Daw there)

      Delete
    6. link doesn't work, felix

      Delete
    7. In addition to arbitrary detentions of suspected Gaddafi supporters, at least 10 former Gaddafi security officials and Revolutionary Committee members have been killed in eastern Libya over the past three months, opposition authorities told Human Rights Watch.

      In Benghazi, five were killed - Salah al-Sharif, an alleged member of a Revolutionary Committee, and Nasser al-Sirmani, Ziad al-Zwei, Ibrahim Khalifa Sermani, and Hussain Ghaith, all security officials.
      In March and April, five members of the Internal Security Agency were killed in Derna: Mustafa Ragis, Ezet Buhatwa, Faraj Dalel, Muftah Adaybani, and Salem Hawari.
      http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,,,LBY,,4dedbd2e2,0.html

      Delete
    8. @ felix : from Petri"s links :

      [5) Hamza Abmana – "حمزة الصرماني" – follower of Mohamed Mansour Dou


      The names of the dead from [Mnfdan (?)]:

      Six bodies of martyrs were recovered by the fifth column at the location of the Brazilian company's corporate complex in Qasr bin Ghashir.

      www.youtube.com/playlist?list...
      "Libya rebels", a playlist created by PetriKrohn. ... "The page and the other face Rafla | Mnfdan some neighborhood of the Al-Andalus" للصفحة ورفلة الوجة الاخر ...

      Delete
    9. Re Hamza- Petri also used auto-translate. It is wrong. The name is Hamza Al-Surmani (I initially thought Al-Sermani).

      Delete
    10. I will look at him after , must sleep now.
      Do we have a man mohamed al zintani in the research box?

      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVOT8AZFJl4&feature=autoplay&list=ULDbaxKLxJcyc&playnext=1
      مقر المجرم الأرهابي عبدالله السنوسي المقرحي 25 8 11

      mohamed al zintani @ 1.56
      watch also @ 2. 46 2 captured khamees brigade men

      Delete
    11. Abmana =district [?] petri

      جامع الصرماني طرابلس
      http://wikimapia.org/14368642/ar/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A

      Delete
    12. @Hurriya M. Al Zintani looks and sounds like a role player. Hadn't seen this vid before. "testament to how a largely untrained and amateur group of fighters managed to outsmart one of the Arab world's most feared secret services" As if...

      Delete
  4. No, this is Surman(i) Mosque in Tripoli. It translates by Bing as such:
    http://www.microsofttranslator.com/
    JAMA alsermanni Tripoli

    ReplyDelete
  5. A felix : are there 2 al-Sirmany : 1 in benghazi & 1 Mnfdan some neighborhood of the Al-Andalus?
    حمزة الصرماني
    http://lib2012.maktoobblog.com/7907/%D8%AC%D8%AB%D8%AB-%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%BA/

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Ibrahim Khalifa al-Surmani , Benghazi

      http://www.temehu.com/imazighen/berberdownloads/Amnesty-report-mde190252011en.pdf

      Libya's internal security agency, Ibrahim Khalifa al-Surmani, a father of six, ...... in the streets, like what happened with Hamza al-Khateeb and Tamer.

      Nasser al-Sirmany
      The dead men, Nasser al-Sirmany and Hussein Ghaith, had both worked as interrogators for Col. Muammar el-Qaddafi’s internal security services

      Last week, about a dozen men wearing balaclavas and carrying guns arrived at the house of Youssef al-Tobouli in three pickup trucks
      Dr. Omar Khalid, a forensic pathologist at Jalaa Hospital in Benghazi, said the hospital had received at least a dozen bodies of executed men,

      One victim, whose throat was slashed, has been in the morgue at Jalaa Hospital since mid-April, unidentified.

      When his body was found in the Guwarsha area outside Benghazi — near where the bodies of Mr. Sirmany and Mr. Ghaith were found — his feet and hands were bound with rope, the morgue’s manager said.

      Delete
    2. Ali Wanis
      The authorities are also investigating the executions of Qaddafi soldiers, said Ali Wanis, the Benghazi district attorney.

      Jamal Benour/Jamal Bennor , the justice coordinator for the opposition in Benghazi

      the Force for the Protection of the Feb. 17th Revolution, which has official responsibility for arresting Qaddafi loyalists

      a death squad stalking former Qaddafi officials in Benghazi

      rebel authorities have spent weeks trying to round up people suspected of being Qaddafi loyalists

      Salah al-Hami, Mohamed al-Hami
      Mr. Hami denied any involvement in the recent killings. “Never,” he said. “Everybody is going to have a fair trial. I’m against any person who would take matters into their own hands and execute people.”
      http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/11/world/africa/11benghazi.html?pagewanted=2&_r=1
      Killings and Rumors Unsettle a Libyan City/Published: May 10, 2011

      Delete
    3. Salah al-Hami,Mohamed al Hami

      BENGHAZI, Libya — This is the price Zeinab Suleiman paid for her family's fight against Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi: five dead sons, two more in an Iraqi prison, a slain brother, three fatherless granddaughters, and too many arrests and raids to count.

      "We won, and we're so happy," Suleiman said

      Suleiman, 64, is the mother of Mohamed al Hami, a legendary Islamist fighter whose covert group, the Libya Islamic Martyrs Movement, launched a string of deadly attacks against Gadhafi's regime in the 1990s.

      He was killed in 1996 in Benghazi, the eastern city where the family — what's left of it — still lives in a sparsely furnished house that was a surveillance target for intelligence agents.

      The rebellion came a few years too late for four of Suleiman's sons — Enas, Abdel Latif, Ahmed and Akram. In 2005, she said, they saw no escape from the never-ending cycle of persecution, prison and killing in Libya, so the four brothers joined the pipeline of foreign fighters that ran through Egypt and Syria into Iraq, where Sunni Muslim extremists formed an insurgency that killed thousands of U.S. soldiers and even more Iraqis, both military and civilian.

      http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2011/09/19/v-print/124550/mother-of-anti-gadhafi-militant.html

      http://books.google.nl/books?id=4CfBKvsiWeQC&pg=PA768&lpg=PA768&dq=Ahmed+al-Hami+benghazi&source=bl&ots=Se4G1xIBhQ&sig=4YepgfkKyTZ1evEfWet8EriMhhI&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=2za1T8uDPMWs8gPYpNDhDw&ved=0CGoQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Ahmed%20al-Hami%20benghazi&f=false

      http://www.operationspaix.net/DATA/DOCUMENT/7054~v~Libyan_Islamists_Unpacked__Rise_Transformation_and_Future.pdf

      Delete
    4. Those poor Suleiman kids. Did you see how Gaddafi's repression forced them to join Al Qaeda in Iraq? Gaddafi supported Al Qaeda terrorism, gave them no choice. Probably had a hand in 9/11. Now we shouldn't feel bad about using Al Qaeda to cleanse Libya of those nasty terrorist-supporting Greens.

      Delete
    5. meet Sjatan :
      https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?v=423289201028319

      Delete
    6. Ali Wanis
      The authorities are also investigating the executions of Qaddafi soldiers, said Ali Wanis, the Benghazi district attorney


      benghazi uprising
      But some SSC members, like 37-year-old Ahmed Abdulwanis,
      have a different view.

      At the beginning of the revolution, Abdulwanis, who comes from Benghazi, contributed to capturing Qadhafi allies as part of the al-Zawya Martyrs Brigade.

      http://www.egyptindependent.com/news/will-libya-disband-its-supreme-security-committee

      Delete
    7. Missing at yarmouk camp :
      110 Hussein Ghaith Abdul Wanees Yarmouk camp

      13 Sep 2012 – Libyan Deputy Interior Minister Wanis al-Sharif,

      Wanise Ahmed (Elisawi). Wanise Elisawi, an eye-witness to the 1996 Abu Salim prison massacre,


      the city’s chief prosecutor, Ali Wanis, said in an interview that he had never received a single case. He described the detentions as “secretive.

      http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2011-05-21/world/35232860_1_libyan-rebels-human-rights-benghazi


      http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=znFabiWx47I#!
      700 disappeared benghazi beginning uprising

      http://www.globalresearch.ca/death-squad-attacks-in-libyan-rebel-capital/24928

      Delete
    8. comment 17 may 2012 : At felix : are there 2 al-Sirmany : 1 in benghazi & 1 Mnfdan some neighborhood of the Al-Andalus?

      there are also 2 hussein ghaith : benghazi , yarmouk:

      The dead men, Nasser al-Sirmany and Hussein Ghaith,

      Missing at yarmouk camp :
      110 Hussein Ghaith Abdul Wanees Yarmouk camp

      Delete
  6. some names compared :


    In the video, Jumaa wore a look of bored arrogance.
    http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/13/magazine/in-libya-the-captors-have-become-the-captive.html?pagewanted=all

    A Double Agent In Gadhafi Camp : Mahmoud Ben Jumaa

    http://forhomesecurity.net/homes-security/a-double-agent-in-gadhafi-camp/
    August 28, 2011 – 2:44 am
    On Thursday, as a insurgent allege pennyless Col. Gadhafi’s hold over his capital, the human identified himself to those over his subterraneous cell: He is Mahmoud Ben Jumaa, a comparison executive in Col. Gadhafi’s personal security force.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Omar’s life cast a similar shadow onto other people. One was his closest colleague, a doctor named Mahfoud Ghaddour
      http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2092803,00.html#ixzz1qjS6PXcc

      In other cases, Abdel Karim Gadoora, a former interior ministry surveillance officer told TIME: "Whenever there was someone, they would just go and arrest them right away."
      http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2091711,00.html

      Brigades of the Martyr Abdelati Ghaddour
      A team of Reuters journalists visited a house in the capital's Zenata district where Dorda, a former prime minister, was held by members of a unit of anti-Gaddafi fighters who call themselves Brigades of the Martyr Abdelati Ghaddour.

      Delete
    2. a doctor named Mahfoud Ghaddour


      Brigades of the Martyr Abdelati Ghaddour


      On Sunday, Zeidan nominated three new ministers — Ali Gadour as minister for Martyrs and the Missing

      Delete

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